The Best Xi’an Famous Foods: A Complete Guide to Street Food and Local Specialties

Xi'an, the ancient capital of China and the starting point of the Silk Road, boasts a rich and diverse culinary heritage that has evolved over thousands of years. With a history that spans over 3,000 years, the city’s food culture reflects the blending of different regional influences, from the imperial court cuisine to the food traditions of various ethnic groups along the Silk Road.

Xi'an’s food scene is a perfect fusion of ancient traditions and modern tastes. While the city is known for its historical monuments and vibrant culture, its culinary offerings tell a story of its diverse past. The influence of the Tang Dynasty, when Xi'an was the capital, is evident in many traditional dishes, while the proximity to Central Asia, the Middle East, and other parts of China has introduced unique flavors and ingredients that have become signature to the region.

Xi’an’s Culinary Identity: An Overview
Xi'an’s position as the starting point of the ancient Silk Road has played a pivotal role in shaping its unique culinary identity. Over centuries, traders and travelers from Central Asia, the Middle East, and beyond brought with them exotic spices, ingredients, and cooking techniques that blended with the city’s indigenous flavors. This rich history of cultural exchange is reflected in Xi'an's cuisine, which combines bold spices, hearty textures, and a diverse mix of ingredients that set it apart from other Chinese food cultures. The flavors of Xi'an are known for their intense, savory depth. Spices like cumin, chili, and peppercorns are commonly used, giving dishes a fiery kick. Lamb and beef are favored meats, often paired with thick, chewy noodles or flatbreads, creating hearty and satisfying meals. Ingredients such as vinegary dips, sour fermented condiments, and yogurt-based sauces also add to the complexity of Xi'an’s culinary profile, making every dish an exciting exploration of bold, contrasting flavors. This fusion of local and foreign influences has created a cuisine that is both ancient and dynamic, offering a culinary journey that reflects the spirit of Xi'an itself, where the past and present come together in every bite.

Top Xi'an Street Foods You Must Try
Roujiamo
Roujiamo, often referred to as the "Chinese hamburger," is a beloved street food that consists of tender, spiced meat, usually pork or beef, stuffed inside a crispy, warm flatbread. The meat is slow-cooked with a blend of savory spices, giving it a rich, aromatic flavor that perfectly complements the crispy, slightly chewy texture of the bread. Originating from Shaanxi province, Roujiamo has a long history dating back to the Qin Dynasty, where it was a popular snack for soldiers and travelers along the Silk Road. This humble yet flavorful sandwich has become a symbol of Xi'an’s food culture, embodying the fusion of local and foreign influences that the city is known for. Today, Roujiamo can be found in nearly every corner of Xi'an, with bustling street stalls and small shops offering their own take on this classic dish. Some of the best stalls are located in the Muslim Quarter, where the aroma of freshly grilled meat fills the air, enticing visitors to try this iconic snack. Whether you're grabbing a quick bite on the go or sitting down at a local shop, Roujiamo is a must-try for anyone exploring Xi'an’s vibrant food scene.

Yangrou Paomo (Lamb Soup with Bread)
Yangrou Paomo is a rich and comforting dish that consists of tender lamb served in a flavorful, hearty broth, accompanied by torn pieces of unleavened flatbread soaked in the soup. The bread, known as mo, is broken up by hand and added to the steaming broth, allowing it to absorb all the savory flavors of the lamb and spices. Originating from Xi'an, Yangrou Paomo has deep cultural significance as a traditional comfort food, particularly enjoyed during colder months. The dish traces its origins back to the Tang Dynasty, when it was served to travelers and locals as a nourishing and filling meal. Locals often eat it with a variety of condiments, such as garlic, vinegar, and chili oil, which they can adjust to their taste. The traditional way to eat Yangrou Paomo is to tear the bread into smaller pieces, then dip it into the hot soup, letting the bread soak up the rich, aromatic flavors. The experience is part of the charm of the dish, as each bite is a perfect balance of tender lamb, chewy bread, and flavorful broth. For the full experience, it's best enjoyed at one of the many local stalls in Xi'an, where the dish is served piping hot and custom-made to your liking.

Chuanr (Grilled Meat Skewers)
Chuanr, or grilled meat skewers, are a staple of Xi'an’s vibrant street food scene, especially popular for their smoky, savory flavors. Typically made with lamb or beef, these skewers are seasoned with a bold mix of cumin, chili, and other spices, which give them their distinctive, aromatic taste. The meat is marinated, then grilled over an open flame, creating a crispy, flavorful exterior while remaining tender on the inside. Chuanr has become a beloved street food, particularly in Xi'an’s bustling night markets, where the aroma of sizzling skewers fills the air, drawing locals and tourists alike. The Muslim Quarter is the heart of Xi'an’s Chuanr culture, with numerous vendors offering these skewers alongside other flavorful snacks. Whether served with a side of flatbread or enjoyed on their own, Chuanr is a must-try for anyone exploring the city’s night food scene. The best place to grab a few skewers is at the lively stalls in the Muslim Quarter, where the grilling process is a spectacle in itself, and you can savor the freshly prepared Chuanr while soaking in the vibrant atmosphere of the market.

Shaanxi Noodles (Biang Biang Mian)
Biang Biang Mian is a signature noodle dish from Xi'an, known for its thick, hand-pulled noodles that are both wide and chewy. Typically served with a spicy, sour sauce, vegetables, and a choice of meats like beef or pork, this dish packs a punch of flavors that reflect the bold and hearty nature of Shaanxi cuisine. The name "Biang" is especially fascinating, as it is one of the most complicated Chinese characters, with more than 50 strokes. The complexity of the character mirrors the depth and richness of the dish itself. Traditionally, Biang Biang Mian is enjoyed by locals as a filling and satisfying meal, often paired with chili oil, garlic, and a dash of vinegar to enhance the flavors. For those wanting to try the best Biang Biang Mian in Xi'an, the Muslim Quarter is a great place to start, with several street vendors and small restaurants offering freshly made noodles. You can also find excellent versions of the dish at popular noodle shops near the Drum Tower, where the hand-pulled noodles are expertly prepared and served with the perfect balance of spice and tang.

Old Xi’an Food: Preserving Tradition
Xi’an Cold Noodles (Liangpi)
Liangpi is a refreshing and beloved summer dish in Xi'an, made from cold wheat noodles served with a flavorful dressing of sesame paste, vinegar, chili oil, and garlic. The noodles are chewy and smooth, providing the perfect base for the rich, tangy sauce that combines a balance of spicy, sour, and savory notes. Originating from the ancient food traditions of Xi'an, Liangpi has been a popular street food for generations, particularly in the hot summer months, as it offers a light yet satisfying meal to beat the heat. The dish reflects the region’s love for bold, well-balanced flavors, and has become a symbol of local food culture. Liangpi is often enjoyed alongside other street snacks like Roujiamo or Chuanr, creating a well-rounded Xi’an food experience. To taste the best Liangpi, head to the old districts of Xi'an, especially around the Muslim Quarter and the narrow alleyways near the Drum Tower, where local vendors serve up freshly made cold noodles with a variety of toppings and sauces, each offering their own twist on this iconic dish.

Jiaodong (Steamed Dumplings)
Jiaodong is Xi'an’s unique take on steamed dumplings, characterized by their delicate, soft dough and generous fillings. These dumplings are typically filled with a variety of ingredients, including tender lamb, beef, or a mix of vegetables, all seasoned with a blend of aromatic spices such as cumin and coriander, which are often associated with Shaanxi cuisine. The dough is carefully prepared to be thin yet sturdy enough to hold the savory filling, and the dumplings are steamed to perfection, creating a soft, juicy bite. Jiaodong is considered a special dish in Xi'an’s food culture because of its deep connection to the city's historical trade routes, where the blending of local ingredients with those brought in from Central Asia and the Middle East contributed to the distinct flavors of this dish. It is commonly enjoyed as a snack or light meal, served with a side of chili oil or vinegar for extra flavor. To taste the best Jiaodong, head to Xi'an’s bustling streets, particularly in areas like the Muslim Quarter and nearby markets, where you’ll find local vendors offering freshly steamed dumplings, often made right in front of you, ensuring a satisfying and authentic experience of this beloved Xi’an specialty.

Xi’an's Famous Food Markets and Street Food Culture
The Muslim Quarter in Xi'an is a food lover’s paradise, a vibrant, bustling area where the streets are alive with the sights, sounds, and smells of local delicacies. Lined with street food stalls and small eateries, the quarter offers an incredible variety of snacks and dishes that are quintessential to Xi'an’s culinary culture. Here, you can sample iconic Xi'an specialties like Roujiamo (Chinese hamburgers), Biang Biang Mian (thick hand-pulled noodles), and Chuanr (grilled meat skewers), as well as lesser-known treats such as Liangpi (cold noodles) and Jiaodong (steamed dumplings). The atmosphere is lively and energetic, with vendors skillfully preparing their food in front of crowds of eager customers. The quarter’s rich history and cultural diversity are reflected in the food, where traditional Muslim flavors blend with local Shaanxi influences. Whether you’re wandering the narrow alleyways or sitting down to a meal at one of the bustling food stalls, the Muslim Quarter offers an authentic and unforgettable experience for anyone looking to immerse themselves in Xi'an’s unique food scene.

In addition to the Muslim Quarter, another vibrant food hotspot in Xi'an is Shuyuanmen Street, a lively cultural and culinary destination where food culture truly flourishes. This ancient street, known for its traditional architecture and calligraphy shops, is also home to a variety of food stalls and restaurants that showcase the best of Xi'an's local flavors. Here, you can find vendors serving up fresh Yangrou Paomo and Biang Biang Mian, as well as specialty snacks like Chili Oil Dumplings and Fried Lamb Kebabs. The area is also famous for its wide selection of Baozi (steamed buns) filled with savory meats, vegetables, or even sweet fillings like red bean paste. Just a short walk from Shuyuanmen, you’ll discover more food stalls in nearby alleyways where traditional Shaanxi dishes such as Fried Noodles with Vegetables and Sour Soup with Tofu are served alongside freshly squeezed juices and sweets like Shaanxi Sesame Cakes. Shuyuanmen Street offers a more relaxed, yet equally bustling atmosphere compared to the Muslim Quarter, with an intimate blend of culture and cuisine that invites visitors to explore Xi'an’s rich food scene beyond its famous streets.

Xi’an’s Sweet Side: Desserts and Snacks
Qishan Noodles and Sweet Cakes (Tangyuan)
In addition to the savory delights that define Xi'an’s food culture, the city also offers a variety of sweet snacks that are a perfect way to end a meal or satisfy a craving. One of the most beloved treats is Tangyuan, a traditional dessert made of glutinous rice flour dough filled with sweet fillings like black sesame paste or red bean paste. These chewy, smooth rice balls are often served in a warm, lightly sweetened soup, making them a comforting treat, especially during festivals like the Lantern Festival. Another sweet treat popular in Xi’an is the sweet version of Biang Biang Mian, where the thick, hand-pulled noodles are topped with sugar, honey, and sometimes fresh fruit or nuts, creating an unusual yet delicious dessert version of the classic noodle dish. Additionally, sesame-filled dumplings, known as Zhi Ma Bao, are a favorite snack, with their crispy exterior and rich, nutty filling of black sesame paste. These sweet snacks can be found in various local bakeries, street stalls, and dessert shops throughout the city, offering a delightful contrast to the savory street foods that Xi’an is known for. Whether you're enjoying a warm bowl of Tangyuan or indulging in a sweet dumpling, these treats provide a taste of Xi'an's culinary diversity and cultural traditions.

Crystal Cake (Shui jing Bing)
Crystal Cake, also known as  Shui jing Bing, is a popular traditional dessert from Xi'an, with a unique combination of chewy texture and delicate sweetness. The cake is made from glutinous rice flour and sugar, giving it a soft, translucent appearance that resembles crystal, hence its name. It is typically filled with a sweetened red bean paste or sesame filling, adding depth to its flavor. Crystal Cake is often enjoyed as a snack or dessert, especially during festive occasions. Its delicate texture and the balance of sweetness make it a delightful treat for anyone with a love for traditional Chinese confections. The cake's translucent, almost glass-like exterior gives it a charming visual appeal, making it as delightful to look at as it is to eat.

Tao Su (Peach Crisp)
Tao Su, also known as Peach Crisp, is a beloved traditional snack from Xi'an, famous for its light, crispy texture and slightly sweet flavor. Despite its name, it doesn’t actually contain peaches but is named after the shape of the cookie, which resembles a peach. Made with a blend of flour, sugar, and shortening, Tao Su is baked until golden and crunchy, with a melt-in-your-mouth crispiness. The cookies are often flavored with a hint of sesame or a sprinkling of egg wash, giving them a rich, savory edge that complements their sweetness. Tao Su is often enjoyed as a snack with tea and is especially popular during holidays and special occasions. Its delightful crunch and satisfying flavor make it a favorite among both locals and visitors in Xi'an.

Mi San Dao (Honey Three Swords)
Mi San Dao, also known as Honey Three Swords, is a traditional Xi'an dessert that has been a local favorite for centuries. The name “Three Swords” refers to the unique way the dough is folded and cut into strips before being deep-fried, creating a crispy texture with a distinctive layered appearance. The dessert is then coated in a sweet, golden honey syrup, giving it a rich, sticky glaze. The combination of the crispy exterior and the sweet, syrupy coating makes it a deliciously addictive treat. Mi San Dao is often enjoyed during festivals and special occasions and is popular for its satisfying crunch and subtle sweetness. With its delightful texture and sweet honey flavor, this dessert is a must-try for anyone visiting Xi'an.

Longxu Su (Dragon Beard Crisps)
Longxu Su, also known as Dragon Beard Crisps, is a traditional dessert from Xi'an that combines delicate craftsmanship with rich flavor. The name "Dragon Beard" refers to the dessert's thin, hair-like strands, which are made by pulling and stretching dough into fine threads. These threads are then coated with a mixture of sugar and sesame seeds, giving the dessert its signature crisp texture and sweet, nutty flavor. The outer layer is crispy, while the inside remains slightly soft, creating a satisfying contrast in every bite. Longxu Su is often enjoyed during festive occasions, especially during Chinese New Year, and is prized for its unique texture and artistic presentation. Its intricate preparation and delicious taste make it a beloved treat in Xi'an and beyond.

Zhen Gao (Zhen Cake)
Zhen Gao, also known as Zhen Cake, is a traditional Xi'an dessert known for its simple yet delightful taste. Made from glutinous rice flour and sugar, this cake has a soft, chewy texture that melts in your mouth. The cake is typically flavored with a touch of fragrant osmanthus or sometimes filled with red bean paste, offering a subtle sweetness and aromatic flavor. The surface of the cake often has a smooth, glossy finish, making it both visually appealing and delicious. Zhen Gao is commonly enjoyed during festivals, special occasions, and as a snack throughout the year. Its light, sweet taste and smooth texture make it a perfect treat for those who enjoy classic Chinese confections.

Local Specialties: Foods You Can't Find Anywhere Else
Pomegranates
Pomegranates hold a special place in Xi'an’s cultural and culinary heritage, symbolizing good luck, fertility, and prosperity in local traditions. The city’s climate is ideal for growing these vibrant, ruby-red fruits, which are often used in both savory and sweet dishes. However, one of the most popular ways to enjoy pomegranates in Xi'an is through freshly squeezed pomegranate juice. This refreshing, tangy drink is made by extracting the juice from the juicy seeds, offering a burst of natural sweetness balanced by a slight tartness. It’s a favorite thirst-quencher, particularly during the summer months, and is often enjoyed on its own or paired with other street food snacks. The best pomegranate juice in Xi'an can be found at local juice stalls and street vendors, particularly in the Muslim Quarter, where vendors often press the fruit fresh in front of you. You can also try it in cafes or small shops that specialize in fruit-based drinks, where the juice is served chilled and sometimes garnished with a touch of sugar or mint. Whether you’re strolling through the markets or taking a break from exploring the city, a glass of Xi’an’s pomegranate juice is a must-try, offering a refreshing taste of the region’s rich agricultural bounty.

Xi’an-style Hot Pot (Shaanxi Hot Pot)
Xi’an-style hot pot offers a distinct variation of the popular Chinese hot pot, setting itself apart from the more fiery and spicy versions found in regions like Sichuan. Unlike the bold, peppercorn-heavy flavors of Sichuan hot pot, Xi’an hot pot features a more mild broth that emphasizes a rich, savory umami base, often enhanced with ingredients like lamb, beef, and a variety of local spices. The broth is typically clear or slightly milky, with flavors that come from slow-simmering bone stock, herbs, and aromatics, creating a comforting, hearty dish perfect for the colder months. The ingredients are often served raw and dipped into the bubbling broth, with vegetables, mushrooms, and noodles making up the bulk of the accompaniments, along with tender cuts of meat, such as lamb and beef, that are sliced thinly for quick cooking. For those seeking the best Xi’an-style hot pot, local restaurants like Hao Xiang Lai and Xi'an Da Shao Hot Pot offer an excellent introduction to this regional specialty, serving up traditional hot pot alongside local dipping sauces and fresh, local ingredients. These spots are popular among both locals and tourists for their authentic take on this comforting dish, making them the perfect choice for anyone looking to dive into the heart of Xi'an’s food scene.

Food Souvenirs from Xi’an 
Biangbiang Mian Gan
When visiting Xi'an, picking up a food souvenir is a great way to take a piece of the city’s culinary culture home. One popular souvenir is Biangbiang Mian Gan—dried Biang Biang noodles, which allow you to recreate the authentic flavor of Xi’an-style hand-pulled noodles in your own kitchen. The thick, chewy noodles are usually sold in packages, and you can pair them with a variety of sauces and spices to achieve the signature spicy, tangy flavor of Xi'an’s famous Biang Biang Mian. Another popular souvenir is Mian Bao (biang biang bread), a type of flatbread often used to accompany dishes like Roujiamo or served with a variety of savory toppings. These breads are perfect for snacking or as a unique addition to a home-cooked meal. Xi'an also offers other food souvenirs like local Jiaodong dumplings, Yangrou Paomo bread, and even bottled pomegranate juice, allowing visitors to share a taste of Xi'an's food culture with family and friends back home. Whether it’s dried noodles, flavored snacks, or freshly packed condiments, Xi'an’s food souvenirs provide a delicious and lasting reminder of your culinary adventure in this historic city.

Vacuum-Sealed Cured Beef
Another popular food souvenir from Xi'an is (là niúròu), or vacuum-sealed cured beef, which captures the rich flavors of the region's traditional preservation methods. The beef is carefully marinated with a blend of spices, salt, and sometimes soy sauce, before being dried or smoked, giving it a unique, savory taste that's both tender and flavorful. The vacuum-sealed packaging ensures that the cured beef stays fresh for longer, making it an excellent souvenir for travelers who want to bring home a taste of Xi'an’s distinctive cured meats. This snack is typically enjoyed as a savory snack, added to hot pots, or paired with Xi'an’s famous breads like Mian Bao or Roujiamo. You can easily find this vacuum-sealed cured beef at local markets and specialty stores in Xi'an, offering a taste of authentic Shaanxi flavors that’s easy to transport and enjoy at home.

Xi'an Fanzhuang Pastries
Xi'an Fanzhuang Pastries are a unique and beloved specialty of Xi'an, known for their rich flavors and delicate textures. These pastries are traditionally made by hand using high-quality ingredients like flour, sugar, and various local fillings, such as red bean paste or sesame. The pastries come in a variety of shapes and sizes, with some featuring flaky layers and others offering a soft, chewy bite. Often enjoyed as a snack or dessert, these pastries are popular in both local tea houses and markets throughout the city. Xi'an Fanzhuang Pastries have been passed down through generations, and their history and craftsmanship make them an important part of the city's culinary heritage. Whether you're enjoying them with a cup of tea or as a light snack, these pastries offer a taste of Xi'an's sweet traditions and a perfect way to indulge in local flavors.

Local favorites: Restaurant suggestions for authentic Xi'an food
For those looking to experience authentic Xi'an flavors, the city is filled with both well-known spots and hidden gems that serve up traditional dishes with a local touch. One must-visit is De Fa Chang, a renowned restaurant in the heart of Xi'an known for its Roujiamo (Chinese hamburger) and Yangrou Paomo (lamb soup with bread). This place is beloved by both locals and tourists for its quality and authenticity, offering a hearty, satisfying meal in a bustling setting.

For a more local, off-the-beaten-path experience, head to Lao Li’s Donkey Meat in the Muslim Quarter. This spot specializes in the unique Xi’an Donkey Meat Burger—a tender, slow-cooked donkey meat packed into a soft bun, offering a truly Xi'an-style snack. The flavors are rich, and the dish has gained a strong following both in the city and abroad.

Another hidden gem is Feng Hui Yuan located near the Drum Tower, known for serving some of the best Biang Biang Mian (thick hand-pulled noodles) in the city. The noodles here are expertly made and paired with a spicy, tangy sauce that perfectly balances the rich umami flavor. The restaurant’s cozy ambiance makes it a great spot to savor Xi'an’s famous noodles in a relaxed environment.

For those craving a more upscale experience, Xi’an Da Shao Hot Pot offers a more refined take on the classic Xi’an-style hot pot. Known for its mild, umami-rich broth and high-quality ingredients, it’s a great place to enjoy this comforting dish in a cozy, intimate setting.

Street food stalls: Where to find the best street food in Xi'an
Xi'an’s street food scene is a food lover’s paradise, offering a wide variety of delicious, affordable, and authentic dishes. The best places to find street food in the city include:

Muslim Quarter – This is undoubtedly the heart of Xi'an's street food culture. Lined with food stalls and small shops, the Muslim Quarter offers a feast of flavors. Here, you can enjoy Roujiamo (Chinese hamburger), Chuanr (grilled meat skewers), Biang Biang Mian (thick hand-pulled noodles), and much more. The area is packed with energy, and wandering the narrow streets while sampling local snacks is an experience in itself.

Shuyuanmen Street – A historic street near the ancient city wall, Shuyuanmen Street is known for its mix of food stalls and traditional shops. The street is a little quieter than the Muslim Quarter, but it still offers a great variety of street foods, including Yangrou Paomo (lamb soup with bread), Liangpi (cold noodles), and freshly made Jiaodong (steamed dumplings). It’s a perfect place to enjoy Xi’an’s food in a less crowded setting.

Wangfujing Street Food Market – This smaller, lesser-known market is a hidden gem for street food enthusiasts. You’ll find an assortment of delicious treats like Fried Lamb Kebabs, Shaanxi-style fried noodles, and local sweet snacks like Tangyuan (glutinous rice balls) and Sesame Cakes. It’s a more laid-back spot compared to the bigger touristy areas, making it a great choice for those seeking an authentic experience.

Nanmen Street – Located near the South Gate of the ancient city wall, Nanmen Street is a local favorite for street food. The area is home to small food stalls where you can sample Xi'an’s most iconic dishes, such as Yangrou Paomo and Bingfeng soda. You’ll also find fresh pomegranate juice and other refreshing drinks, perfect for pairing with your street food adventure.

Beiyuanmen Street – Another lively street filled with street food stalls, Beiyuanmen is a great place to try a variety of snacks like Chili Oil Dumplings, Chuanr (grilled skewers), and Shaanxi-style pastries. The street is often busy with locals and visitors alike, making it a vibrant spot for a quick and satisfying meal.